Emeralds are the most famous of all the green gems and are a variety of the mineral Beryl. As it scores an 8 on the Mohs Scale of Mineral Hardness, emeralds are significantly hard, however not as much as a sapphire or a ruby. Emerald is also the only variety of Beryl which is regarded as precious.
One thing that is important to note here is that emeralds are notorious for their inclusions or internal and external flaws. While almost all stones have some degree of inclusions in them, emeralds tend to have a good bit more. In fact many gemstone lovers like emeralds with inclusions as apparently this act like their own unique "fingerprints" and ensure that the gemstone is authentic. These inclusions are also called "Jardins" which is French for "Garden". Of course while these are sought after, that still means that emeralds with little inclusions are actually pricier than those with more.
Many gemstone manufacturers resort to filling the inclusions with oils in order to bring an artificial luster to them. If you are buying emerald online then make sure that you know whether the emerald is oiled or not, as this will invariably affect its price. Now-a-days even more affective inclusion filling techniques are beginning to emerge which leaves a stone very nearly flawless (Although this could become visible under a jeweler's loupe).
In astrology Emerald is known as the stone for May which is the month of spring. Emerald being green in color symbolizes youth, rejuvenation and vitality.
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